Effective Approaches to Information Security Testing
Intro
In today's digital landscape, information security is no longer a luxury; it's a necessity. As organizations navigate the myriad threats emerging from cyberspace, understanding various testing methodologies shines a light on the path forward. Information security testing serves as the backbone that fortifies systems against breaches and vulnerabilities. This article aims to break down the nuances of infosec testing, with particular emphasis on penetration testing, vulnerability assessments, and compliance checks. Furthermore, we will analyze how organizations can effectively incorporate these practices to stay ahead of adversaries.
"Without a sound strategy for security testing, organizations are merely playing a high-stakes game of chance with their sensitive data."
The relevance of infosec testing has only grown with the fast-paced evolution of technology. As companies embrace cloud computing, IoT devices, and other innovations, they find themselves at greater risk than ever before. This is where rigorous testing can make a substantial difference between a secure enterprise and one poised for disaster.
Whether you’re an IT professional, a software developer, or a business owner, comprehending the various testing methodologies offers critical insights that can help in shielding vital assets from incessant security threats. This comprehensive guide aims to deliver robust information that will prove invaluable as you work to ensure safety in your digital sphere.
Understanding Infosec Testing
In a world where data breaches and cyberattacks have become a common occurrence, understanding infosec testing is paramount for organizations aiming to safeguard their digital assets. It's not merely an option anymore; it's a necessity. With an ever-evolving threat landscape, the importance of infosec testing is magnified.
By grasping the nuances of infosec testing, IT professionals can better fortify their defenses and understand their vulnerabilities. This knowledge allows organizations to anticipate potential security breaches, thereby enabling proactive measures. In turn, this vigilance can reduce the risk of financial loss and reputational damage, both of which can be quite significant in today’s interconnected world.
Definition and Scope
At its core, infosec testing refers to a range of assessments aimed at evaluating the security of information systems. This includes scrutinizing networks, applications, and websites for vulnerabilities that could be exploited by cybercriminals. The scope of infosec testing is broad; it encompasses multiple methodologies and techniques varying from simple vulnerability scans to complex penetration testing.
Here are some key aspects that delineate the scope of infosec testing:
- Vulnerability Scans: Automated checks to identify exposed weaknesses.
- Penetration Testing: Simulated attacks to evaluate the system’s defenses.
- Compliance Checks: Ensuring that systems align with legal and regulatory standards.
Every organization has its peculiarities, and thus, their infosec testing procedures may diverge significantly. Nevertheless, a solid foundation of testing proficiencies ensures that all critical assets are audited and assessed systematically.
Importance in the Digital Age
As businesses increasingly rely on digital platforms, the significance of infosec testing grows. Companies of all sizes are now aware that a single cyber incident can compromise sensitive data, erode customer trust, and potentially lead to hefty financial penalties.
Several factors underline the necessity of infosec testing in today’s environment:
- Increased Cyber Threats: Cyber attackers are growing more sophisticated, using advanced tactics that can bypass traditional security measures.
- Data Privacy Regulations: With regulations like GDPR and HIPAA on the books, maintaining compliance isn't just wise; it's the law. Infosec testing helps ensure adherence to these regulations.
- Evolving Technology: As organizations adopt new technologies like cloud computing and IoT, the attack surface broadens. Regular testing helps identify potential points of exploitation.
"Understanding the core of infosec testing not only fortifies digital safeguards but also builds a culture of security mindset across the entire organization."
Types of Infosec Testing
The realm of information security testing encapsulates different methods that organizations use to unveil weaknesses in their systems. Each type of testing plays a critical role, and understanding these various approaches can enhance an organization’s ability to protect invaluable digital assets. Assigning the right type of infosec testing can bolster the security posture and align efforts with organizational goals. In this section, we will delve into penetration testing, vulnerability assessments, risk assessments, and compliance testing.
Penetration Testing
Penetration testing is an essential practice aimed at identifying vulnerabilities in an organization’s security. By simulating attacks, it offers insights into how wannabe hackers might exploit these weaknesses. This proactive approach ensures that organizations are not just reactive, waiting for a breach, but rather, they continually evolve their defenses.
Black Box Penetration Testing
Black box penetration testing mimics an external attacker’s perspective. The tester approaches the system with no prior knowledge of its inner workings. This method is invaluable, as it thoroughly evaluates an organization's security from the outside. One key characteristic of black box testing is its focus on the system’s operational effectiveness without insider information. This often results in beneficial insights, revealing vulnerabilities that may otherwise go unnoticed. However, this method can sometimes consume more time, as testers have to discover systems and potential weaknesses from scratch.
White Box Penetration Testing
On the flip side, white box penetration testing grants the tester complete knowledge of the system. This includes access to source code and architecture. Its contribution to overall security is profound, as it allows for exhaustive searches for vulnerabilities, making it particularly effective in identifying hard-to-find issues. The key characteristic here is transparency, which enhances the thoroughness of testing; however, this can lead to extensive resource requirements. While it can uncover deeper issues, some argue it might give a false sense of security if not combined with other testing approaches.
Gray Box Penetration Testing
Gray box penetration testing strikes a balance between the two previous methods. The tester operates with partial knowledge of the system, allowing for focused analysis while still simulating an outside attack. The unique feature here is that it uncovers vulnerabilities that both insiders and outsiders could exploit. This approach is popular, as it retains some element of surprise while providing enough context to deliver meaningful insights. However, it might produce results that are less comprehensive than white box testing.
Vulnerability Assessments
Vulnerability assessments are vital for identifying, quantifying, and prioritizing vulnerabilities in a system. They gauge the likelihood and potential impact of a breach, enabling organizations to address security gaps effectively before they become problematic.
Automated Scanning
Automated scanning utilizes software tools to scan networks and systems for known vulnerabilities. This process is swift and efficient, making it a popular option in many organizations. The key characteristic of automated scanning is its capacity to handle large environments, often yielding a broad overview of vulnerabilities. However, it can miss complex threats that require human intuition to recognize, making it essential to combine this method with more detailed assessments.
Manual Testing Techniques
Contrasting with automated tools, manual testing techniques involve skilled professionals systematically searching for vulnerabilities. This method offers unique insights that automated tools may overlook, due to the experience and judgment of human testers. While manual testing is thorough, it requires more time and resources, indicating that organizations may need to consider their specific needs when deciding which method to emphasize.
Risk Assessments
Risk assessments are foundational in security strategy. They systematically evaluate potential risks to critical assets and processes. This involves understanding the likelihood of threats and the impact should those risks materialize. A solid understanding of risk helps organizations prioritize their security measures effectively.
Compliance Testing
Compliance testing ensures that an organization meets requisite standards and regulations, which often dictate required practices for data security and privacy.
GDPR Compliance
GDPR compliance involves ensuring that organizations adhere to regulations regarding data protection and privacy. Its essence lies in safeguarding user data and granting individuals control over their personal information. The key characteristic of GDPR compliance is its rigorous requirements, which can bolster an organization’s reputation. Non-compliance can result in significant fines and reputational damage, emphasizing the necessity for proper assessment. However, the complexities involved can also prove challenging for organizations to navigate.
ISO Standards
ISO standards provide frameworks for ensuring quality and consistency in information security practices. Compliance with these standards helps organizations demonstrate their commitment to maintaining security controls. The unique feature of ISO standards is their global recognition, which can enhance an organization's credibility. However, the rigorous demands of these standards can sometimes overwhelm smaller organizations that might struggle to meet all the requirements on a tight budget.
In summary, understanding the types of infosec testing is crucial for organizations. Each type brings its own strengths and weaknesses, and a combination of these methods can significantly enhance overall security robustness.
Key Tools and Technologies in Infosec Testing
In the realm of infosec testing, tools and technologies play a crucial role. They help security professionals identify vulnerabilities in systems and applications, ensure compliance, and enhance the overall security posture of organizations. These tools make the task of evaluating and fortifying security measures more manageable and effective.
Understanding the strengths and weaknesses of various tools is essential. From established standards to cutting-edge developments, leveraging the right resources can catapult an organization's security capabilities ahead of the curve.
Industry Standard Tools
Nessus
Nessus stands out as a powerhouse in vulnerability scanning. It’s primarily known for its ability to detect vulnerabilities across a myriad of devices running different operating systems. What makes Nessus especially beneficial is its comprehensive plugin architecture, allowing for frequent updates that keep pace with evolving threats.
One of the key characteristics of Nessus is its user-friendly interface combined with rich reporting capabilities. This is ideal for organizations needing to present findings to upper management along with remedial measures. A unique feature of Nessus is its extensive vulnerability database, which provides detailed mappings of issues, their severity, and recommended fixes.
However, it does come with its own disadvantages. The license cost can be a barrier for smaller businesses, and while it’s powerful, relying solely on automated scans without human validation might lead to overlooking critical threats.
Burp Suite
Burp Suite is synonymous with web application security testing. It is a favorite among penetration testers for its ability to intercept traffic and perform detailed analysis. The tool’s intuitive features make it easy for both novices and experts to use effectively. Its real-time scanning capabilities help identify security flaws as soon as they are introduced into the application.
The unique advantage of Burp Suite is its integration of various tools within a single platform, providing functionalities ranging from crawling to vulnerability scanning, all within one interface. However, one has to be wary of its complexity; newer users might feel overwhelmed by the plethora of features available. Budget considerations could also come into play, as the professional version can be quite costly.
Kali Linux
Kali Linux is much more than just a tool; it’s a complete operating system designed specifically for penetration testing and security auditing. It comes pre-loaded with a vast array of good tools aimed at various security tasks, which makes it an essential choice for infosec professionals.
One of the significant characteristics of Kali Linux is its open-source nature. This not only enhances its availability but also fosters a community that contributes to its constant evolution. A unique feature is the multitude of testing tools it includes, covering everything from network analysis to web app testing.
However, the steep learning curve can be intimidating for beginners. While it offers unparalleled flexibility, effective use requires a solid understanding of both its interface and the underlying security principles.
Emerging Technologies
AI in Security Testing
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is making waves in security testing by automating detection and response processes. AI can analyze vast amounts of data and identify patterns much quicker than human analysts. This contribution is invaluable in the fast-paced world of cybersecurity where threats can evolve overnight.
A key characteristic of AI in security testing is its predictive analytics capability, which can forecast potential vulnerabilities before they are exploited. What sets AI apart is its ability to improve continuously through machine learning, making it more effective over time. However, some disadvantages include the high initial costs and the potential for false positives, which can lead security teams down fruitless paths.
Cloud Security Tools
With the increasing shift to cloud technologies, cloud security tools have gained paramount importance. These tools provide functionalities to protect data stored online, helping organizations adhere to compliance regulations and manage risks associated with cloud environments.
One key characteristic of cloud security tools is their scalability, which allows businesses to grow without sacrificing security. They often include automated security controls that can adapt to the rapidly changing cloud landscape. The downside is that dependence on third-party vendors might raise concerns about data privacy and regulatory compliance.
In summary, the tools and technologies used in infosec testing form a backbone for securing information infrastructures. By carefully choosing the right tools and being aware of their strengths and weaknesses, organizations can navigate the complex landscape of cybersecurity more effectively.
Infosec Testing Methodologies
In the realm of information security, the methodologies applied in testing are not just technical processes; they are foundational strategies that shape the effectiveness of the entire security posture of an organization. By employing robust methodologies, organizations can detect vulnerabilities before they become entry points for malicious actors. This section unpacks the essence of these methodologies, centering on the agile practices, DevSecOps approaches, and continuous testing paradigms.
Agile Security Testing
Agile security testing represents a methodological shift designed to keep pace with the dynamic nature of threats and the rapid development cycles in modern software development. Traditionally, security testing was someone an afterthought, an additional layer that came in at the end of the software development life cycle. Agile testing flips this script, integrating security into the development process itself.
The beauty of agile security testing lies in its flexibility. It allows teams to identify and address security vulnerabilities during each sprint, rather than coming back to them later. This not only improves the security of the application but also enhances the team’s responsiveness to emerging threats. One challenge, however, is ensuring security considerations don’t compromise the speed at which development occurs. Here are some key aspects to consider:
- Collaboration: Agile security testing fosters collaboration between developers and security teams, creating a culture of security awareness early in the process.
- Regular Assessments: This methodology encourages continuous assessment, allowing teams to adapt their strategies and tools in response to new threats.
- Incremental Improvements: By focusing on smaller, incremental changes, teams can implement patches and updates without disrupting the whole system.
DevSecOps Approaches
DevSecOps takes the principles of DevOps and infuses them with security considerations. It represents a paradigm shift from traditional security practices to a more integrated model where security is everyone's responsibility. This approach aligns closely with the agile methodology, promoting communication and collaboration among teams.
Implementing DevSecOps involves automating security validation processes at every step of the software life cycle. The automation not only streamlines workflows but reduces the burden of manual security checks. Key features of DevSecOps include:
- Shift Left Philosophy: Security moves to the left in the CI/CD pipeline, ensuring it is an integral part of the development rather than a gated step.
- Automated Testing: Tools such as Snyk and Checkmarx are often utilized to automatically test code for vulnerabilities as it is written.
- Continuous Monitoring: This approach emphasizes ongoing monitoring of environments, ensuring new threats can be identified and mitigated promptly.
Adopting DevSecOps can lead to improved efficiency, reduced operational risks, and more secure applications. However, it requires a cultural shift within the organization, where every team member understands their role in maintaining security.
Continuous Testing Paradigms
Continuous testing is an approach characterized by a relentless pursuit of quality and security throughout the entire development process. It involves validating code and configurations at all stages, allowing for rapid identification and resolution of vulnerabilities.
The significance of continuous testing lies in its proactive stance on security. Rather than waiting for a formal testing phase, this methodology embeds tests into routine workflows, ensuring vulnerabilities are caught early. Here’s what to keep in mind about continuous testing:
- Automated Integration: Integrating automated tests into the CI/CD pipeline ensures that security checks occur whenever code changes are made. This accelerates the release process while maintaining high security standards.
- Feedback Loops: By creating an iterative feedback loop, developers receive immediate visibility into any security issues, enabling swift mitigation efforts.
- Risk Assessment: Continuous testing allows for ongoing risk assessments, ensuring that deployments meet compliance and security benchmarks before going live.
Continuous testing isn’t just about catching bugs; it’s about fostering an environment where security is a fundamental aspect of the development process.
Best Practices for Effective Infosec Testing
When it comes to information security testing, having a framework made of best practices is key to standing your ground against potential threats. Best practices are not just suggestions; they're essential tactics yielding measurable results in safeguarding infrastructure. Organizations that take heed of these principles will likely enjoy not only a reliable defense but also enhanced credibility with clients and stakeholders. Here, we’ll unpack some of the fundamental practices that can make all the difference in ensuring robust information security testing.
Establishing Clear Objectives
Every initiative starts with a purpose, a target to hit. In the field of infosec testing, this means defining what you are aiming to achieve. Clear objectives can help steer the direction of the testing process. For example, objectives might include identifying vulnerabilities, ensuring compliance with regulations, or strengthening the organization’s overall security posture.
Setting these goals can also help prioritize resources. Take a small company, for instance. They could focus on critical assets that, if compromised, would lead to significant damage or financial loss. Having targets ensures that the testing effort is not just a checkbox activity but a strategic endeavor aimed at tangible results.
Incorporating Multi-Factor Testing
One size does not fit all when it comes to testing approaches, and that's where the idea of multi-factor testing comes into play. This means combining different testing methods, such as vulnerability assessments, penetration testing, and social engineering tests to create a more holistic view of the security landscape.
Implementing a mix can expose weaknesses that might go unnoticed in single-method tests. For example, a vulnerability assessment might show mediocre security hygiene, while a penetration test could reveal how easily an attacker could exploit those weaknesses. Moreover, adding elements like social engineering can illuminate the human factor in security, often the weakest link in any defensive strategy. By utilizing a multi-faceted approach, organizations can better arm themselves against diverse threats.
Regular Updates and Reassessments
The digital landscape is like quicksand, ever-shifting and unpredictable. New vulnerabilities surface regularly, making it vital for organizations to not just perform infosec testing once and call it a day. Regular updates to testing scripts and continual reassessments are crucial to keep security efforts relevant and effective.
For instance, a software that was secure six months ago may now have vulnerabilities due to new updates or changes in technology. Organizations should plan periodic reviews and updates, which would retain relevancy in their infosec testing strategies. This is not a one-time deal; it’s about building a culture of continuous improvement and vigilance.
Training for Security Teams
A chain is only as strong as its weakest link, and that link often lives within the security team itself. Investing in ongoing training is not just about getting the latest certificate; it’s about ensuring that the team is equipped to handle real-world challenges head-on. Regular workshops, simulation exercises, and updates on the latest threats can empower team members, making them more effective in their roles.
For example, if a security professional understands the strategies deployed by hackers today, they can adapt their approach to testing and fortifying systems accordingly. Additionally, a well-informed team boosts confidence in addressing vulnerabilities, as they know they are equipped with the necessary skills and tools. A culture of learning and agility should permeate the entire organization in its fight against threats.
"In the world of information security, learning is ongoing. The more you know, the better prepared you are."
By honoring these best practices, organizations are setting a solid foundation for effective infosec testing. Clear objectives provide direction, multi-factor testing presents a comprehensive picture, regular updates capture the evolving nature of threats, and ongoing training ensures that the security teams are fully capable. Embrace these guidelines to bolster your defenses and keep an eye on the horizon.
Challenges in Infosec Testing
In the rapidly evolving landscape of cybersecurity, infosec testing plays a crucial role in safeguarding organizations from a myriad of threats. However, it is fraught with challenges that can hinder effectiveness and compromise security investments. Recognizing and overcoming these challenges is vital for maintaining robust security postures. Two prominent issues stand out: the ever-changing nature of threats and the limitations posed by resource constraints.
Keeping Up with Evolving Threats
The digital world is a hive of activity, which can sometimes resemble a game of cat and mouse. As organizations enhance their defenses, threat actors continually invent new strategies to breach those defenses. It's a relentless cycle, and staying ahead of the curve can feel like chasing shadows. Cyber threats can emerge from every angle—ransomware, phishing schemes, zero-day exploits, and even insider threats are becoming alarmingly sophisticated.
To effectively combat these evolving threats, infosec testing must adapt in real-time. For instance, integration of threat intelligence can bolster vulnerability assessments, aligning test efforts with current risks. Organizations need to continually reassess their security measures and ensure that their testing protocols evolve alongside any changes in the threat landscape.
- Regular Penetration Testing: Conducting regular penetration tests helps in revealing vulnerabilities before exploiters do.
- Continuous Monitoring: Implementing continuous monitoring systems allows for immediate detection of anomalies and potential threats.
"In the cybersecurity realm, waiting too long to address vulnerabilities can lead to dire consequences. A stitch in time saves nine, as they say."
Resource Constraints
Resource constraints can also pose a significant hurdle in the effectiveness of infosec testing. Many organizations, especially small to mid-sized ones, may find themselves caught in a bind. These companies often struggle with limited budgets, lack of skilled personnel, and insufficient time allocated for security efforts.
Operational challenges may lead to the tendency to prioritize immediate business needs over long-term security measures, which can compromise overall security strategies.
To mitigate these constraints, organizations might consider the following approaches:
- Leveraging Automated Tools: Tools like Nessus and Burp Suite can help conduct assessments without heavily taxing human resources.
- Partnerships with Managed Security Service Providers (MSSPs): Collaborating with MSSPs can provide necessary expertise and extend capabilities without the need for in-house teams.
Finding the balance between operational efficiency and security measures is imperative. Addressing these constraints while fostering a culture of security awareness can help organizations fortify their defenses effectively. In summary, recognizing these challenges is the first step toward implementing effective infosec testing strategies in a world that is always in flux.
Future Trends in Infosec Testing
As the digital landscape evolves, so too does the realm of information security testing. Future trends in this space are not just buzzwords; they represent critical shifts in how organizations approach cybersecurity. With the increasing sophistication of cyber threats, keeping up with trends is essential for maintaining robust security postures. Embracing these future trends can bring several benefits, including enhanced protection, streamlined processes, and a greater capacity for proactive risk management.
Integration of Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly becoming a cornerstone of infosec testing. Its integration promises to revolutionize how security professionals detect vulnerabilities, analyze threats, and respond to incidents. AI can process vast amounts of data much faster than a human can, identifying patterns and anomalies that may suggest a security breach.
A few key considerations about leveraging AI in infosec testing include:
- Automated Threat Detection: AI algorithms, such as machine learning models, can learn from historical data to recognize potential threats before they escalate. This level of automation enhances response times and narrows the window of exposure.
- Predictive Analysis: By analyzing past incidents, AI can predict future attack vectors, allowing teams to fortify defenses preemptively. This shifts the focus from reactive measures to proactive strategies.
- Resource Optimization: AI reduces the manual labor involved in security testing, letting humans focus on more strategic concerns. Instead of sorting through endless logs, security experts can use AI tools to prioritize threats based on their severity and potential impact.
Despite its advantages, organizations must approach AI integration cautiously. There remain concerns about bias in AI algorithms and the need for regular updates to maintain accuracy. Thus, a combination of human expertise and AI-driven insights is essential for an effective infosec strategy.
Evolution of Compliance Standards
Compliance standards are like the guardrails in the cybersecurity landscape, ensuring organizations adhere to best practices and legal requirements. As technology advances, the landscape of compliance is also shifting significantly. The emergence of new technologies—such as cloud computing and the Internet of Things—necessitates an update in standards to address the novel security challenges posed.
Important aspects of compliance evolution include:
- Adapting to New Regulations: With the rise of data privacy laws globally, compliance standards now require organizations to be more vigilant about how they handle sensitive data. The European Union's General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) serves as a prime example of how regulations are tightening.
- Cross-Border Compliance: As businesses operate across borders, they face the challenge of complying with diverse regulations. Organizations must develop flexible compliance frameworks that can adapt to varying requirements without compromising security.
- Emphasis on Continuous Monitoring: With compliance evolving towards real-time assessments, organizations are required to adopt continuous monitoring practices to stay compliant. This means being proactive instead of reactive.
The on-going evolution of compliance standards presents both a challenge and an opportunity. A robust compliance program not only mitigates risks but can also enhance an organization’s reputation among clients and stakeholders.
"Compliance is more than a checklist; it’s about building trust and credibility with your customers."
Navigating the future of infosec testing will require organizations to stay informed about these trends, ready to adapt their strategies accordingly. Engaging with these changes can significantly bolster an organization's security framework, ultimately securing their digital assets against an ever-evolving threat landscape.
Summary and Finale
In this digital age, where threats can come from any corner of the globe and at any moment, the discussion surrounding information security testing holds significant weight. As we conclude this examination of infosec testing, it's crucial to reflect on its overarching themes and implications. The commitment to protecting digital assets doesn't stop at implementing protocols; rather, it requires ongoing effort, adaptability, and an understanding of the various tools and methodologies available today.
One of the standout elements of this article is the diverse nature of infosec testing approaches. From penetration testing to compliance checks, each type brings its own set of strengths and methods for assessing systems. This comprehensive view allows businesses, both large and small, to select the strategies that align best with their unique vulnerabilities and operational needs. It’s not merely about checking boxes; it’s about creating a robust framework to anticipate and thwart potential breaches.
Moreover, the integration of emerging technologies like artificial intelligence into testing processes signifies an exciting frontier for the field. As technology advances, so too do the methods hackers employ. Staying ahead means embracing these innovations to enhance testing efficacy. This balance of tradition and modernity is where effective infosec testing can thrive.
"Security isn’t a product, but a process." This quote encapsulates the journey businesses must undertake in information security. It's about cultivating a culture of safety where everyone from the CEO to the entry-level employee plays a pivotal role in upholding security practices.
To best protect against current and future threats, organizations must prioritize continual education, adaptation, and reassessment of their security practices. Now, let’s recap some of the key points discussed in this article.
Recap of Key Points
- Understanding Infosec Testing - Defined the scope and importance of infosec testing in protecting digital assets.
- Types of Infosec Testing - Detailed different methodologies including penetration testing, vulnerability assessments, and compliance testing.
- Key Tools and Technologies - Covered essential tools like Nessus and the emerging relevance of AI in security testing.
- Best Practices - Discussed critical best practices such as establishing clear objectives and regular updates to testing protocols.
- Future Trends - Noted the growing integration of AI and the evolution of compliance standards as pivotal areas for development.
The Importance of Ongoing Vigilance
No organization can afford to become complacent regarding their cybersecurity stance. Vigilance isn’t just a matter of periodic checks; it’s a daily commitment. Cyber threats evolve rapidly, often outpacing the security measures in place. Therefore, continuous monitoring, assessment, and update of testing practices are vital. This ongoing vigilance not only prepares organizations for potential breaches but also fosters a proactive mentality, turning the tables on threats before they can manifest in harmful ways.
Emphasizing training for all employees is another layer of this vigilance. When every individual understands the basics of cybersecurity and their role within the larger scheme of infosec, the organization is overall stronger.
